July 5: Independence Day in Venezuela - Algeria - Cape Verde

July 5 is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 179 days remaining until the end of the year.





Events

1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance, the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.
1610 - John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
1687 - Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
1770 - Battle of Chesma and Battle of Larga between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire.
1775 - US Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
1803 - The convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
1809 - Battle of Wagram starts, the two-day battle was the largest yet of the Napoleonic Wars.
1811 - Venezuela declares independence from Spain.
1813 - War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
1814 - War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa - American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
1830 - France invades Algeria.
1833 - Admiral Charles Napier defeats the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
1865 - The Salvation Army is founded in the East End of London, England.
1878 - The coat of arms of the Baku governorate was established.
1884 - Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
1934 - "Bloody Thursday" - Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
1935 - The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1937 - Spam, the luncheon meat, was introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
1937 - Highest recorded temperature in Canada, at Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan: 45° C (113° F).
1940 - World War II: The United Kingdom and the Vichy France government break off diplomatic relations.
1941 - World War II: German troops reach the Dniepr River.
1943 - The Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history, included world largest tank battle at Prokhorovka village, July 12.
1943 - World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
1945 - World War II: Liberation of the Philippines declared.
1946 - The bikini is introduced in Paris, France.
1947 - Larry Doby signs a contract with the Cleveland Indians baseball team, becoming the first black player in the American League. (Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers in the National League 11 weeks earlier.)
1948 - British National Health Service Act enacted.
1950 - Korean War: Task Force Smith - First clash between American and North Korean forces.
1950 - Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
1951 - William Shockley invents the junction transistor.
1954 - Elvis Presley has his first commercial recording session. He sang That's All Right (Mama) and Blue Moon of Kentucky. Widely considered to be the birth of Rock and Roll.
1954 - The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
1954 - Andhra Pradesh High Court is established.
1958 - First ascent of Gasherbrum I, 11th highest peak on the earth.
1962 - Algeria becomes independent from France.
1970 - Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near Toronto International Airport killing 109 people.
1971 - Right to vote: the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
1973 - Catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills 11 firefighters. This explosion has become a classic incident studied in fire department training programs worldwide.
1975 - Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
1975 - Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
1977 - Military coup in Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto the very first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan overthrown.
1987 - First instance of the LTTE using suicide attacks on Sri Lankan Army. The Black Tigers are born and in the following years continue to use it to deadly effect.
1989 - Iran-Contra Affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service.
1994 - The United States announced it would refuse further unrestricted immigration from Haiti.
1996 - Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
1998 - Japan launches a probe to Mars, and thus joins the United States and Russia as a space exploring nation.
2003 - SARS is declared to be contained by the WHO.
2004 - First Indonesian presidential election by the nation.
2006 - North Korea launched at least two short-range Nodong-2 missiles, one SCUD missile and one long-range Taepodong-2 missile.
2006 - Emergency United Nations Security Council meeting held at the U.N in New York City because of the North Korean missile tests a day before.



Births

1321 - Joan of The Tower, Queen consort of Scotland (d. 1362)
1586 - Thomas Hooker, Connecticut colonist (d. 1647)
1653 - Thomas Pitt, British Governor of Madras (d. 1726)
1675 - Mary Walcott, American accuser at the Salem witch trials
1717 - Pedro III of Portugal, consort of Maria I of Portugal (d. 1786)
1718 - Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, Viceroy of Ireland (d. 1794)
1794 - Sylvester Graham, American nutritionist (d. 1851)
1801 - David Farragut, American naval commander (d. 1870)
1805 - Robert Fitz Roy, British naval officer and scientist (d. 1865)
1810 - P.T. Barnum, American circus owner (d. 1891)
1820 - William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish engineer and physicist (d. 1872)
1829 - Ignacio Mariscal, Writer and Mexican diplomat (d. 1910)
1841 - William C. Whitney, American financier (d. 1904)
1853 - Cecil Rhodes, South African politician, founder of Rhodesia (d. 1902)
1860 - Robert Bacon, American politician (d. 1919)
1872 - Edouard Herriot, French politician (d. 1957)
1874 - Eugen Fischer, Nazi physician (d. 1967)
1879 - Wanda Landowska, Polish harpsichordist (d. 1959)
1879 - Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician (d. 1945)
1880 - Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist (d. 1940)
1882 - Inayat Khan, Indian sufi (d. 1927).
1885 - Blas Infante, Spanish politician (d. 1936)
1885 - André Lhote, French painter (d. 1962)
1886 - Willem Drees, Dutch politician (d. 1988)
1888 - Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
1889 - Jean Cocteau, French writer (d. 1963)
1890 - Frederick Lewis Allen, American social historian (d. 1954)
1891 - John Howard Northrop, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
1891 - Tin Ujević, Croatian poet (d. 1955)
1895 - Gordon Jacob, English composer (d. 1984)
1898 - Yip Man, Ving Tsun Sifu and Master of Style (Gung-Gung) (d. 1972)
1899 - Marcel Achard, French playwright, screenwriter and author (d. 1974)
1901 - Sergey Obraztsov, Soviet puppet master (d. 1992)
1902 - Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., American diplomat (d. 1985)
1904 - Harold Acton, American writer and dilettante (d. 1994)
1904 - Ernst Mayr, American biologist (d. 2005)
1904 - Milburn Stone, American actor (d. 1980)
1905 - Myles Horton, American educator and Civil Rights Movement teacher
1910 - Georges Vedel, French public law (d. 2002)
1911 - Georges Pompidou, French politician (d. 1974)
1913 - Smiley Lewis, American musician (d. 1966)
1915 - John Woodruff, American athlete (d. 2007)
1918 - George Rochberg, American composer (d. 2005)
1918 - René Lecavalier, French Canadian radio host and television sportscaster (d. 1999)
1920 - Mary Louise Hancock, American politician and activist
1924 - Niels Jannasch, Canadian historian and museum curator (d. 2001)
1924 - János Starker, Hungarian cellist
1928 - Warren Oates, American actor (d. 1982)
1928 - Pierre Mauroy, French politician
1928 - Katherine Helmond, American actress
1932 - Billy Laughlin, American actor (d. 1948)
1932 - Gyula Horn, former Hungarian prime minister
1935 - John Gilmore, American true crime author
1936 - Shirley Knight, American actress
1936 - James Mirrlees, Scottish economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1938 - Ronnie Self, American rock singer and songwriter (d. 1981)
1939 - Booker Edgerson, American football player
1940 - Chuck Close, American painter and photographer
1942 - Johannes Löhr, German footballer and trainer
1943 - Curt Blefary, American baseball player (d. 2001)
1943 - Robbie Robertson, Canadian guitarist (The Band).
1945 - Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican Politician and Attorney General of México.
1946 - Pierre-Marc Johnson, American lawyer, physician and politician
1946 - Paul Smith, British fashion designer
1946 - Gerardus 't Hooft, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laurete
1948 - William Hootkins, American actor (d. 2005)
1950 - Huey Lewis, American musician (Huey Lewis & the News)
1950 - Michael Monarch, American guitarist (Steppenwolf)
1951 - Rich Gossage, American baseball player
1951 - Keiko Fuji, Japanese enka singer
1954 - Leni Björklund, Swedish politician
1954 - John Wright, New Zealand cricketer
1954 - Jimmy Crespo, American guitarist (Aerosmith)
1955 - Peter McNamara, Australian tennis player
1956 - Patsy Pease, American actress
1956 - James Lofton, American football player and coach
1957 - David Hanson, politician
1957 - David Pinkney , British Touring Car Racer
1957 - Doug Wilson, Canadian hockey player
1958 - Paul Daniel, British opera and symphony conductor
1958 - Tzipi Livni, Israeli politician
1958 - Bill Watterson, American cartoonist
1959 - Marc Cohn, American singer and songwriter
1960 - Pruitt Taylor Vince, American actor
1960 - James M. Kelly, American politician
1961 - Isabelle Poulenard, French soprano
1963 - Edie Falco, American actress
1963 - Russ Lorenson, American singer and actor
1965 - Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli jazz pianist
1966 - Kathryn Erbe, American actress
1966 - Susannah Doyle, British actress
1966 - Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer
1967 - Silvia Ziche, Italian comics artist
1968 - Ken Akamatsu, Mangaka
1968 - Kenji Ito, Japanese composer
1968 - John Ruskin a.k.a. Nardwuar the Human Serviette, Canadian journalist
1968 - Alex Zülle, Swiss cyclist
1969 - John LeClair, American hockey player
1969 - RZA, American rapper (Wu-Tang Clan)
1969 - Jenji Kohan, American television writer and producer
1970 - Mac Dre, American rapper (d. 2004)
1971 - Derek McInnes, Scottish footballer
1972 - Letha Weapons, actress
1973 - Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer
1973 - Bengt Lagerberg, Swedish musician (The Cardigans)
1973 - Róisín Murphy, Irish musician
1973 - René Spies, German bobsledder
1974 - Márcio Amoroso, Brazilian footballer
1975 - Hernán Crespo, Argentinian footballer
1975 - Gunnar H. Thomsen, Faroese musician (Týr)
1975 - Kip Gamblin, Australian dancer and actor
1975 - Ai Sugiyama, Japanese tennis player
1976 - Nuno Gomes, Portuguese footballer
1976 - Marina Dias, Brazilian model
1976 - Bizarre, American rapper (D12)
1977 - Royce Da 5'9", American rapper
1977 - Nicolas Kiefer, German tennis player.
1979 - Stiliyan Petrov, Bulgarian footballer
1979 - Shane Filan, Irish musician (Westlife)
1979 - Amélie Mauresmo, French tennis player
1980 - Eva Green, French actress
1980 - Jason Wade, American musician (Lifehouse)
1980 - David Rozehnal, Czech footballer
1981 - Jesse Crain, Canadian baseball player
1982 - Alberto Gilardino, Italian footballer
1982 - Philippe Gilbert, Belgian cyclist
1983 - Zheng Jie, Chinese tennis player
1984 - Yu Yamada, Ryukyuan model, actress and singer
1985 - Stephanie McIntosh, Australian pop singer and actress
1985 - Nick O'Malley, British musician (Arctic Monkeys)
1989 - Joseph King, American musician (Canvas)
1991 - Jason Dolley, American actor




Deaths

1316 - Infante Ferdinand of Majorca (b. 1278)
1375 - Charles III of Alençon, French archbishop (b. 1337)
1472 - Charles of Artois, Count of Eu, French military leader (b. 1394)
1539 - St. Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (b. 1502)
1666 - Albert VI of Bavaria (b. 1584)
1676 - Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish soldier (b. 1613)
1715 - Charles Ancillon, French Huguenot pastor (b. 1659)
1719 - Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, Irish general (b. 1641)
1773 - Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (b. 1719)
1833 - Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor (b. 1765)
1859 - Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist (b. 1777)
1862 - Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist (b. 1800)
1904 - Abai Kunanbaiuli, Kazakh poet (b. 1845)
1908 - Jonas Lie, Norwegian author (b. 1833)
1920 - Max Klinger, German artist (b. 1857)
1927 - Albrecht Kossel, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1853)
1929 - Henry Lincoln Johnson, Member of 369th regiment (aka Harlem Hell Fighters), first American to receive the Croix de guerre (b. 1897)
1932 - Sasha Cherny, Russian poet (b. 1880)
1945 - John Curtin, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
1948 - Georges Bernanos, French writer (b. 1888)
1948 - Carole Landis, American actress (b. 1919)
1957 - Charles Sherwood Noble, American-born inventor
1965 - Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican diplomat and international playboy (b. 1909)
1966 - George de Hevesy, Hungarian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
1969 - Walter Gropius, German architect (b. 1883)
1969 - Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (b. 1884)
1969 - Leo McCarey, American film director (b. 1898)
1969 - Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician (b. 1930)
1975 - Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano (b. 1892)
1983 - Harry James, American musician (b. 1916)
1991 - Howard Nemerov, American poet (b. 1920)
1996 - Erik Wickberg, The Salvation Army general (b. 1904)
1997 - Mrs. Miller, American singer (b. 1907)
1998 - Sid Luckman, American football player (b. 1916)
2001 - Ernie K-Doe, American singer (b. 1936)
2002 - Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (b. 1924)
2002 - Ted Williams, American baseball player (b. 1918)
2003 - Roman Lyashenko, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1979)
2004 - Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1923)
2004 - Rodger Ward, American race car driver (b. 1921)
2005 - James Stockdale, U.S. Navy vice admiral (b. 1923)
2005 - Shirley Goodman, American singer (b. 1936)
2006 - Kenneth Lay, American businessman (b. 1942)
2007 - Régine Crespin, French operatic soprano (b. 1927)
2007 - Kerwin Mathews, American actor (b. 1926)
2007 - George Melly, British jazz & blues musician (b. 1926)



Holidays and Observances

Venezuela: Independence Day (1811).
Algeria: Independence Day (1962).
Cape Verde: Independence Day (1975).
Armenia: Constitution Day (1995)
Czech Republic and Slovakia: Arrival of Saints Cyril and Methodius in Great Moravia (around 863).
Isle of Man: Tynwald Day (1266).
Church of the SubGenius: X-Day (1998).
United States: Bloody Thursday, Longshoremans Union Holiday.
Saint Antonio Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
Saint Nicomedes, martyr
Saint Peter of Luxemburg, bishop of Metz, cardinal, confessor
Saint Wendelin, confessor
Saint Catherine, virgin, martyr (Translation) Regensburg