July 13: Mongolia - Naadam Holiday - 3rd Day

July 13 is the 194th day of the year (195th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 171 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
1558 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines.
1573 - Eighty Years' War: The Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.
1643 - English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down - In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, wins a crushing victory over the Parliamentarian Sir William Waller.
1787 - The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.
1794 - Battle of the Vosges between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria
1854 - In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General Jose Maria Yanez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset Boulbon.
1863 - New York Draft Riots: In New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.
1878 - Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman empire.
1919 - The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
1923 - The Hollywood Sign is officially dedicated in the hills above Hollywood, Los Angeles. It originally reads "Hollywoodland " but the four last letters are dropped after renovation in 1949.
1941 - World War II: Montenegrins start popular uprising against the Axis Powers (Trinaestojulski ustanak).
1973 - Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of the Nixon tapes to the special Senate committee investigating the Watergate break in.
1985 - The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Sydney and Moscow.
1985 - Vice President George H.W. Bush became the Acting President for the day when President Ronald Reagan underwent surgery to remove polyps from his colon.Births
100 BC - Julius Caesar, Roman military and political leader (d. 44 BC) (born either July 12 or July 13)
40 AD - Gnaeus Julius Agricola, Roman Governor of Britain (d. 93 AD)
1527 - John Dee, English scientist (d. 1609)
1579 - Arthur Dee, English physician (d. 1651)
1590 - Pope Clement X (d. 1676)
1607 - Václav Hollar, Bohemian-born artist (d. 1677)
1608 - Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1657)
1745 - Robert Calder, British naval officer (d. 1818)
1770 - Alexander Balashov, Russian general (d. 1837)
1776 - Caroline of Baden, queen of Bavaria (d. 1841)
1793 - John Clare, English poet (d. 1864)
1798 - Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia), Tsarina of Russia (d. 1860)
1821 - Nathan Bedford Forrest, American Confederate cavalry officer, and founder of the original Ku Klux Klan (d. 1877)
1841 - Otto Wagner, Austrian architect (d. 1918)
1858 - Stewart Culin, American ethnographer (d. 1929)
1859 - Sidney Webb, British socialist (d. 1947)
1864 - John Jacob Astor IV, American entrepreneur (d. 1912)
1889 - Louise of Mountbatten, Queen of Sweden (d. 1965)
1894 - Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (d. 1940)
1895 - Sidney Blackmer, American actor (d. 1973)
1896 - Mordecai Ardon, Israeli painter (d. 1992)
1898 - Julius Schreck, member of the Nazi party (d. 1936)
1900 - George Lewis, American musician (d. 1969)
1901 - Eric Portman, English stage and film actor (d. 1969)
1903 - Kenneth Clark, English art historian (d. 1983)
1905 - Alfredo M. Santos, First Four-star General of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, World War II hero (d. 1990)
1913 - Dave Garroway, American television host (d. 1982)
1913 - Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, Danish shipping magnate
1918 - Alberto Ascari, Italian race car driver, and two-time F1 world champion (d. 1955)
1920 - Bill Towers, English footballer (d. 2000)
1921 - Git Gay, Swedish actress and singer (d. 2007)
1921 - Ernest Gold, Austrian composer (d. 1999)
1921 - Friedrich Peter, Austrian poltitician (d. 2005)
1922 - Ken Mosdell, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2006)
1922 - Anker Jørgensen, Danish Prime Minister, Democratic Socialist
1924 - Carlo Bergonzi, Italian singer
1924 - Michel Constantin, French film actor (d. 2003)
1927 - Simone Veil, French politician
1928 - Tommaso Buscetta, Sicilian mafioso and pentito (d. 2000)
1928 - Bob Crane, American actor (d. 1978)
1928 - Leroy Vinnegar, American jazz bassist
1929 - Sofia Muratova, Soviet gymnast
1931 - Frank Ramsey, American basketball player
1932 - Hubert Reeves, Canadian astrophysicist
1933 - Patsy Byrne, English actress
1934 - Wole Soyinka, Nigerian writer, Nobel laureate
1934 - Aleksei Yeliseyev, Soviet cosmonaut
1935 - Jack Kemp, American football player and politician
1936 - Albert Ayler, American musician (d. 1970)
1940 - Patrick Stewart, English actor
1941 - Robert Forster, American actor
1941 - Jacques Perrin, French actor and filmmaker
1942 - Harrison Ford, American actor
1942 - Roger McGuinn, American musician (The Byrds)
1944 - Ernő Rubik, Hungarian inventor
1946 - Cheech Marin, American actor
1948 - Catherine Breillat, French director and screenwriter
1948 - Daphne Maxwell Reid, Actress
1950 - George "Pinky" Nelson, American astronaut
1950 - Ma Ying-jeou, President of the Republic of China, former mayor of Taipei, former chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT)
1951 - Rob Bishop, American politician
1953 - Mila Mulroney, wife of former Canadian prime minister Brian Mulroney
1954 - Sezen Aksu, Turkish singer
1954 - Rick Chartraw, American ice hockey player
1954 - Louise Mandrell, American musician
1954 - David Thompson, American basketball player
1956 - Claude Giroux, Canadian midget wrestler
1956 - Michael Spinks, American former boxer
1957 - Thierry Boutsen, Belgian racing driver
1957 - Cameron Crowe, American film director
1957 - Phil Margera, father of Bam Margera
1959 - Richard Leman, English field hockey player
1960 - Ian Hislop, English writer, editor of Private Eye
1961 - Stelios Manolas, Greek footballer and manager
1961 - Tim Watson, Australian rules footballer
1962 - Tom Kenny, American voice actor
1962 - Rhonda Vincent, American singer
1963 - Neal Foulds, English snooker player
1963 - Spud Webb, American basketball player
1966 - Gerald Levert, American singer (d. 2006)
1967 - Benny Benassi, Italian disc jockey
1967 - Dean Barnett, American Conservative blogger
1968 - Robert Gant, American actor
1969 - Mark Greenway, British vocalist
1969 - Kakhi Kakhiashvili, Georgian-born Greek weightlifter
1969 - Oleg Serebrian, Moldovan politician and political scientist
1970 - Barry Pinches, English snooker player
1972 - Sean Waltman, American wrestler
1973 - Ariel Silvio Zárate, Argentine footballer
1974 - Deborah Cox, Canadian R&B singer
1974 - Jarno Trulli, Italian race car driver
1975 - Danni Boatwright, American model, sports caster, and Survivor contestant
1976 - Al Santos, American model and actor
1976 - Sheldon Souray, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 - Ashley Scott, American actress
1979 - Craig Bellamy, Welsh footballer
1982 - Christopher Bauman, American professional wrestler (d. 2005)
1982 - Joost van den Broek, Dutch keyboard player (After Forever)
1982 - Shin-Soo Choo, South Korean baseball player
1982 - Simon Clist, English footballer
1982 - Yadier Molina, Puerto Rican baseball player
1983 - Liu Xiang, Chinese hurdling athlete
1983 - Kristof Beyens, Belgian athlete
1985 - Guillermo Ochoa, Mexican footballer
1989 - Sayumi Michishige, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1990 - Matt Weinberg, American actor
1992 - Dylan Patton, American actor
1992 - Elise Matthysen, Belgian swimmer

Deaths

939 - Pope Leo VII
1189 - Matilda of England, daughter of Henry II of England (b. 1156)
1205 - Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury and Justicier of England
1357 - Bartolus de Saxoferrato Italian jurist (b. 1313)
1399 - Peter Parler, German architect (b. 1330)
1402 - Jianwen Emperor of China (b. 1377)
1551 - John Wallop, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1490)
1621 - Archduke Albert of Austria, Governor of the Low Countries (b. 1559)
1626 - Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English statesman (b. 1563)
1628 - Robert Shirley, English adventurer (b. 1581)
1629 - Caspar Bartholin the Elder, Swedish physician and theologian (b. 1585)
1645 - Tsar Michael I of Russia (b. 1596)
1683 - Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (b. 1631)
1693 - Hendrik Trajectinus, Count of Solms, Dutch lieutenant-general (b. 1636)
1705 - Titus Oates, English Protestant conspirator (b. 1649)
1755 - Edward Braddock, British general
1760 - Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Native Americans (b. 1696)
1761 - Tokugawa Ieshige, Japanese shogun (b. 1712)
1762 - James Bradley, English Astronomer Royal (b. 1693)
1789 - Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (b. 1715)
1793 - Jean-Paul Marat, French revolutionary (b. 1743)
1807 - Henry Benedict Stuart, Jacobite claimant to the throne of England (b. 1725)
1882 - Johnny Ringo, American Gunfighter (b. 1850)
1889 - Robert Hamerling, Austrian poet (b. 1830)
1890 - John C. Frémont, American army officer, explorer and presidential candidate (b. 1813)
1896 - Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz, German chemist (b. 1829)
1921 - Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg scientist (b. 1845)
1922 - Martin Dies, American politician (b. 1870)
1946 - Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (b. 1864)
1951 - Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian composer (b. 1874)
1954 - Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter (b. 1907)
1955 - Ruth Ellis, last woman to get the death sentence in Britain (b. 1926)
1960 - Joy Gresham, American writer (b. 1915)
1967 - Tom Simpson, British cyclist (b. 1937)
1973 - Willy Fritsch, German film actor (b. 1901)
1974 - Patrick Blackett, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
1976 - Frederick Hawksworth, GWR Chief mechanical engineer. (b. 1884)
1976 - Joachim Peiper, German military leader (SS, by assassination; b. 1915)
1979 - Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter and graphic artist (1913)
1980 - Seretse Khama, first President of Botswana (b. 1921)
1983 - Gabrielle Roy, Canadian author (b. 1909)
1993 - Davey Allison, American race car driver (b. 1961)
1995 - Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, Danish toy manufacturer (Lego Group) (b. 1920)
1996 - Pandro S. Berman, American film producer (b. 1905)
1997 - Miguel Ángel Blanco, Spanish politician (b. 1968)
2002 - Yousuf Karsh, Turkish-born Armenian photographer (b. 1908)
2003 - Compay Segundo, Cuban musician (b. 1907)
2004 - Arthur Kane, American musician (b. 1949)
2004 - Carlos Kleiber, Austrian conductor (b. 1930)
2006 - Red Buttons, American comedian (b. 1919)

Holidays and Observances
Mongolia - Naadam Holiday, 3rd day
Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Kálimát (Words) - First day of the seventh month of the Bahá'í calendar
Bon Festival - Start of Buddhist festival to honor the dead (East Japan; date varies)
Abd-al-Masih, Christian saint and martyr
Abel of Tacla Haimonot in the Coptic Church
Saint Anacletus, pope, martyr
Saint Clelia Barbieri - Catholic saint
Saint Eugenius, bishop of Carthage, and companions, confessors
Saint Silas, apostle northern France